What is an example of DRO? (2023)

What is an example of DRO?

DRO involves rewarding the child when the inappropriate behavior does not occur during a specific amount of time. An example of this type of differential reinforcement would be a child who repeatedly leaves his seat during dinnertime. The parent would set a timer for ten minutes.

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA)

The simplest example of this would be a teacher trying to teach a student to raise their hand before talking in class. Student raising their hand before speaking is an appropriate alternative behavior to simply speaking out.

Another example of a behavior that could be treated with DRI is that of a young child who, while watching television, continually “twiddles” with her hair to the extent that bald patches are appearing. Such hair “twiddling” could be reduced by reinforcing the child for cuddling a teddy bear.

Definition. Differential reinforcement of other behaviors (DRO) is a reinforcement procedure in which reinforcement is delivered for any response other than a specific target behavior.

Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates (DRL)

The specific example that Applied Behavioral Analysis Edu gives on their site is: A child who repeatedly washes his hands before lunch. In this case, the teacher wants the child to wash his hands, but not more than once before lunch.

There are four forms of differential reinforcement: Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible behavior (DRI) Differential Reinforcement of Alternative behavior (DRA) Differential Reinforcement of Other behavior (DRO) Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates (DRL)

Differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO) schedules are used frequently to treat a wide range of problem behaviors (Lennox, Miltenberger, Spengler, & Erfanian, 1988; Vollmer & Iwata, 1992). DRO typically involves delivery of reinforcement contingent on the absence of a response for a specified period of time.

Which of the following best describes the use of differential reinforcement of other behaviors (DRO) procedures? When using a DRO procedure, a reinforcer is delivered to the learner as long as the interfering behavior is not emitted during the specified amount of time.

What is the difference between DRI and DRA? DRI involves reinforcing a behavior that is incompatible with the problem behavior, whereas DRA involves reinforcing a behavior that may not be incompatible with the problem behavior.

What is an example of DRO in ABA?

Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO)

DRO involves rewarding the child when the inappropriate behavior does not occur during a specific amount of time. An example of this type of differential reinforcement would be a child who repeatedly leaves his seat during dinnertime.

Losing access to a toy, being grounded, and losing reward tokens are all examples of negative punishment. In each case, something good is being taken away as a result of the individual's undesirable behavior.

When implementing DRO, what do you do if the problem behavior occurs before the end of the interval for reinforcement? Do not reinforce, reset the interval. Ex) 10 min.

What is the difference between momentary DRO and interval DRO? A) Momentary DRO requires that the individual do anything other than the target problem behavior at the end of the interval. Interval DRO requires that the individual do anything other than the target problem behavior for the entire interval.

Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO) In this intervention, the reinforcer is given as long as the targeted inappropriate behavior does not occur or it is given in the absence of targeted behavior. This serves to directly decrease the inappropriate behavior. You just studied 4 terms!

DRA is useful for behaviors that may occur at high or low rates, as this procedure involves teaching the individual to engage in a more appropriate behavior than the behavior targeted for reduction. Often, DRA is combined with DRI.

Data should be collected daily for at least 45 minutes, across staff members. (Continued data collection is critical after creating and implementing a behavior plan. A behavior plan is considered successful only after the data has shown a reduction, or elimination of the problem behavior.

The initial interval length for the DRO is not arbitrarily determined at some value you may perceive as fair, e.g., 25 minutes. An arbitrary decision can often lead to program failure. The DRO interval should be set as a function of the baseline data.

There are four types of reinforcement. Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, extinction, and punishment.

If a parent would like their child to learn how to eat with a fork, then “eating with a fork” is the target behavior. Likewise, if a teacher would like her student to stop wandering around the classroom, then the target behavior would be, “sitting in chair.” Usually, we behavior analysts like to keep things positive.

What is target behavior autism?

- Defining Behavioral Objective: Target behavior is the desirable behavior that the child with autism is wanted to acquire or the problematic behavior that is wanted to be substituted in the child with autism. The target behavior must be observable, measurable, and have positive expressions when determined.

An example of positive punishment is adding more chores to the list when your child neglects their responsibilities. The goal is to encourage your child to tackle their regular chores to avoid a growing chore list. Negative punishment is when you take something away.

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA) procedures reduce a problematic behavior by reinforcing an appropriate alternative behavior that serves the same function.

No punishment is involved. Although the traditional form of DRO requires a one-to-one teacher-student ratio with independent observers to record data, modifications can easily be made to allow for its use in the classroom, workshop, or home environment.

DRO is a technique that involves reinforcing (rewarding) a student if an undesired behavior is NOT displayed during a designated time period. You will differentially reinforce (reward under certain conditions) the absence of the behavior for a certain time period.

What are three important factors that should be considered before a teacher implements a DRO procedure? 1) A "pure" DRO requires that reinforcement be delivered if the student does not perform the target behavior, no matter what else he does. 3) Effectiveness of the DRO procedure may depend on the reinforcer selected.

For example, spanking a child when he throws a tantrum is an example of positive punishment. Something is added to the mix (spanking) to discourage a bad behavior (throwing a tantrum). On the other hand, removing restrictions from a child when she follows the rules is an example of negative reinforcement.

Deciding to take an antacid before you indulge in a spicy meal is an example of negative reinforcement. You engage in an action in order to avoid a negative result. One of the best ways to remember negative reinforcement is to think of it as something being subtracted from the situation.

Threatening to take away your teen's phone may seem like a great way to get them to do something they're avoiding. But it's usually not a good choice as a punishment.

Discrimination training is conducted by the presentation of the desired item to teach, for example; a shoe. The child is then taught to select the shoe when the direction is placed to touch the shoe. As success shows, the child is then asked to select the shoe when next to a spoon and a toy, for example.

What is the difference between DRA and DRI?

What is the difference between DRI and DRA? DRI involves reinforcing a behavior that is incompatible with the problem behavior, whereas DRA involves reinforcing a behavior that may not be incompatible with the problem behavior.

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA) procedures reduce a problematic behavior by reinforcing an appropriate alternative behavior that serves the same function.

There are many different schedules of differential reinforcement; here, we will explore three commonly used types: (1) differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA); (2) differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior (DRI); and (3) differential reinforcement of other behavior (DRO).